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สถาบันวิจัยเศรษฐกิจป๋วย อึ๊งภากรณ์
Puey Ungphakorn
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Call for Papers: PIER Research Workshop 2025
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Discussion Paperdp
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Year
2025
2024
2023
2022
...
13 January 2025
20251736726400000
No. 229

Experimenting with Generative AI: Does ChatGPT Really Increase Everyone’s Productivity?

Abstract

Generative AI technologies such as ChatGPT, Gemini, and MidJourney have made remarkable progress in recent years. Recent literature has documented ChatGPT’s positive impact on productivity in areas where it has strong expertise—attributable to extensive training datasets—such as the English language and Python/SQL programming. However, the literature is still limited regarding ChatGPT’s performance in areas where its capabilities could still be further enhanced. In this paper, we asked participants to perform writing analysis tasks in a non-English language (specifically, Thai) and math & data analysis tasks using a less frequently used programming package (specifically Stata). The findings suggest that, on average, participants performed better using ChatGPT in terms of scores and time taken to complete the tasks. However, a detailed examination reveals that 34% of participants saw no improvement in writing analysis tasks, and 42% did not improve in math & data analysis tasks when employing ChatGPT. Further investigation indicated that higher-ability participants, as proxied by their econometrics grades, were the ones who performed worse in writing analysis tasks when using ChatGPT. We also found evidence that participants with better digital skills performed better with ChatGPT. This research provides insights on the impact of generative AI. Thus, relevant parties can make informed decisions regarding appropriate strategies, policies, and educational systems. It also highlights the critical role of human skills in addressing and complementing the limitations of AI.

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JEL: A20D24J24O33
Tags: chatgptgenerative ailarge language modelslabor productivity
The views expressed in this workshop do not necessarily reflect the views of the Puey Ungphakorn Institute for Economic Research or the Bank of Thailand.
Voraprapa Nakavachara
Voraprapa Nakavachara
Chulalongkorn University
Tanapong Potipiti
Tanapong Potipiti
Chulalongkorn University
Thanee Chaiwat
Thanee Chaiwat
Chulalongkorn University

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